在網(wang)絡硬件中，還有一(yi)類不可忽視(shi)的就是網(wang)絡傳輸介質了，我(wo)們(men)通常(chang)稱(cheng)為網(wang)線(xian)(xian)。目前比較常(chang)見的網(wang)線(xian)(xian)分細雙絞線(xian)(xian)、光纖(xian)光纜、同軸(zhou)線(xian)(xian)纜和粗同軸(zhou)線(xian)(xian)纜等。

1.光(guang)纖光(guang)纜

光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜(lan)是(shi)新(xin)一(yi)(yi)代的(de)(de)(de)傳輸介質(zhi)，與銅質(zhi)介質(zhi)相(xiang)比，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)無論是(shi)在安全性、可靠性還(huan)是(shi)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)性能方(fang)面都有了很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)提高。除(chu)此(ci)之外，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)傳輸的(de)(de)(de)帶寬大(da)大(da)超出銅質(zhi)線纜(lan)，而(er)且其支持的(de)(de)(de)最大(da)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)距離達兩(liang)公里以(yi)上，是(shi)組建較大(da)規模(mo)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)必然(ran)選擇。由于(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜(lan)具有抗電磁干擾性好、保密性強、速度(du)快、傳輸容量(liang)大(da)等(deng)優點，所(suo)以(yi)它的(de)(de)(de)價格也較為昂貴，在家用(yong)(yong)場合(he)很(hen)少(shao)使用(yong)(yong)。目前比較常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)有兩(liang)種不同類型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)，分別是(shi)單模(mo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)和多(duo)模(mo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)（所(suo)謂"模(mo)"就是(shi)指以(yi)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)角度(du)進入光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)束光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)線）。多(duo)模(mo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)般被用(yong)(yong)于(yu)同一(yi)(yi)辦公樓或距離相(xiang)對(dui)較近的(de)(de)(de)區域內的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)。而(er)單模(mo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)傳遞數據(ju)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)更高，傳輸距離更長，通(tong)常(chang)被用(yong)(yong)來(lai)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)辦公樓之間或地理分散更廣(guang)的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)。如果使用(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纜(lan)作為網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)傳輸介質(zhi)，還(huan)需增加(jia)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)端收(shou)發器(qi)等(deng)設備，因此(ci)成本投(tou)入更大(da)，在一(yi)(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)中較少(shao)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)。

2.雙絞線

雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)是一種柔性的(de)(de)通信電(dian)纜，包含著成對的(de)(de)絕緣銅線(xian)(xian)(xian)，它的(de)(de)特點是價格便宜(yi)，所以(yi)被廣泛(fan)應用，如我(wo)們常見(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)話線(xian)(xian)(xian)等。根據(ju)最大傳輸(shu)(shu)速率(lv)的(de)(de)不同(tong)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)3類(lei)(lei)、5類(lei)(lei)及超(chao)5類(lei)(lei)。3類(lei)(lei)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)速率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)10mb/s，5類(lei)(lei)可(ke)達100mb/s，而超(chao)5類(lei)(lei)則高(gao)達155mb/s以(yi)上，可(ke)以(yi)適合(he)未來多(duo)媒體數據(ju)傳輸(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)需(xu)求，所以(yi)推薦(jian)采(cai)用5類(lei)(lei)甚至超(chao)5類(lei)(lei)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)還(huan)可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)屏蔽雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)（stp）和(he)(he)非屏蔽雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)（utp）。stp雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)雖然速率(lv)較(jiao)低（只有4mb/s），但抗干(gan)擾性比utp雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)強，所以(yi)價格也(ye)要貴許多(duo)，現在這類(lei)(lei)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)便宜(yi)的(de)(de)幾(ji)元(yuan)(yuan)一米，貴的(de)(de)嘛可(ke)能十幾(ji)元(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)上才能買到(dao)一米。相比之下，utp雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)價格一般在一米一元(yuan)(yuan)左右，比較(jiao)低廉(lian)。另外，常用的(de)(de)10m和(he)(he)100m非屏蔽雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)流行叫法是10base-t和(he)(he)100base-t，大家在市(shi)面上經常可(ke)以(yi)見(jian)到(dao)。和(he)(he)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)配套(tao)使用的(de)(de)還(huan)有rj45水晶頭，用于制作(zuo)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)網卡(ka)rj45接口(kou)間的(de)(de)接頭，其(qi)質量(liang)好壞(huai)直(zhi)接關系到(dao)整(zheng)個(ge)網絡的(de)(de)穩(wen)定性，不可(ke)忽視。

3.同軸電纜

同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是(shi)很多(duo)朋友比較熟悉的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)類傳輸介質，它是(shi)由一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)層(ceng)的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣線包裹著(zhu)中(zhong)央銅導體(ti)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)線，它的(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)特點就是(shi)抗干擾能力好(hao)，傳輸數據穩定，而且價(jia)格也(ye)便宜，所以(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)度被廣泛使用(yong)(yong)，如閉路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視線等。然而以(yi)(yi)前同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)采用(yong)(yong)較多(duo)，主(zhu)要是(shi)因為同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)組成的(de)(de)總線結構網絡成本較低，但單條(tiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)損(sun)壞可能導致(zhi)整(zheng)個網絡癱瘓，維護也(ye)難，這(zhe)是(shi)其最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)弊端(duan)。以(yi)(yi)太網應用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)主(zhu)要分為粗(cu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（10base5）和細(xi)(xi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（10base2）兩(liang)種(zhong)。現在(zai)粗(cu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)用(yong)(yong)得不(bu)多(duo)了，細(xi)(xi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)還有(you)些市(shi)場(chang)。細(xi)(xi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)線一(yi)(yi)般(ban)市(shi)場(chang)售價(jia)幾元一(yi)(yi)米，不(bu)算太貴。另(ling)外，同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)來和bnc頭相連的(de)(de)，市(shi)場(chang)上賣的(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)線一(yi)(yi)般(ban)都(dou)是(shi)已和bnc頭連接好(hao)了的(de)(de)成品(pin)，大(da)家可直(zhi)接選用(yong)(yong)。

以上就是閃奇電線電纜廠家給大家介紹的相關內容。