電線電纜廠家：電線電纜的保養要點有哪些？

電(dian)線電(dian)纜是(shi)供電(dian)、通(tong)信、傳(chuan)輸信號等(deng)重(zhong)要設備，正常使用及定期保養對其性能和(he)壽命十分(fen)重(zhong)要。電(dian)線電(dian)纜的保養要點主要包(bao)括：定期巡(xun)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)、清潔、防腐、絕緣檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測、避雷器檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查等(deng)方面(mian)。下面(mian)將詳細介紹電(dian)線電(dian)纜的保養要點。

定(ding)期(qi)巡(xun)檢(jian)是電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜保養的重要一環。定(ding)期(qi)巡(xun)檢(jian)的周期(qi)根據設備的使(shi)用情況可靈(ling)活調(diao)整，一般為每半年或每年一次。巡(xun)檢(jian)時應仔細(xi)檢(jian)查(cha)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜的外(wai)觀，如(ru)是否(fou)有明顯的機械損傷，如(ru)剝落、破裂、劃傷等。同時，還需(xu)要檢(jian)查(cha)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜連接(jie)是否(fou)松動，如(ru)有松動應及時緊固，以免影響電(dian)(dian)信(xin)號(hao)傳輸(shu)或電(dian)(dian)能供應的穩定(ding)性(xing)。

清潔是(shi)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)保養的另一個(ge)重要環(huan)節。電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)使用環(huan)境常常有塵土、油污等雜物，如(ru)果不(bu)(bu)做定期清潔，這些雜物會(hui)積聚在電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)上，影響(xiang)其散熱性能和(he)絕(jue)緣性能。清潔時可用軟(ruan)毛刷或干凈的布(bu)輕(qing)輕(qing)擦(ca)拭電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)表(biao)面，并注意不(bu)(bu)要用尖(jian)銳物體刮(gua)傷電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)皮，以免破壞絕(jue)緣。對于有油污的電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，可以用專用的去(qu)油劑進行(xing)清洗。

防腐(fu)是電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)保養的(de)重要一環(huan)(huan)。電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)在使用(yong)過程(cheng)中如果長(chang)時(shi)間暴露(lu)在潮(chao)濕、酸堿等腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)中，可(ke)能會導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)外(wai)(wai)皮(pi)發生腐(fu)蝕(shi)、硬(ying)化等問(wen)題，從而降(jiang)低其(qi)絕緣性(xing)能和使用(yong)壽命。因此，可(ke)以在電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)外(wai)(wai)皮(pi)表面涂(tu)膠或(huo)刷漆，增加外(wai)(wai)皮(pi)的(de)抗腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)能。同時(shi)，在存放(fang)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)倉庫中，要保持通風干燥，以防潮(chao)濕環(huan)(huan)境(jing)導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)發生腐(fu)蝕(shi)。

絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)檢測(ce)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)保養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要環節(jie)。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)性(xing)(xing)能是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)正常使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)關鍵，而長期使用(yong)或存在(zai)外界因(yin)素影響，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)性(xing)(xing)能可能會(hui)下降。因(yin)此，每隔一(yi)段時間(jian)應進行絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)檢測(ce)。常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)檢測(ce)方(fang)法有絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)測(ce)量(liang)和介電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)強度測(ce)量(liang)。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)測(ce)量(liang)可借助絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)測(ce)試儀進行，通常要求電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)不低(di)于(yu)一(yi)定數值，如(ru)1兆歐姆(mu)。介電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)強度測(ce)量(liang)是(shi)指對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材料進行高壓(ya)耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)，測(ce)試所加的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)一(yi)般為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)2倍，以查(cha)看絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材料的(de)(de)(de)耐壓(ya)性(xing)(xing)能。

避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)檢查(cha)也是(shi)電(dian)線電(dian)纜保養的重要一(yi)環。避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)是(shi)保護(hu)電(dian)線電(dian)纜在雷(lei)擊或(huo)其他大電(dian)壓沖擊下保持安全(quan)的裝(zhuang)置。定期檢查(cha)避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)的引(yin)閃(shan)器(qi)是(shi)否存(cun)有(you)雷(lei)擊殘渣，引(yin)閃(shan)器(qi)表面是(shi)否有(you)明(ming)顯損壞，以及避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)的接地(di)是(shi)否良好。如果(guo)避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)的引(yin)閃(shan)器(qi)需要更換，應及時購買新(xin)的避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)零件進行更換。

電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)的保(bao)養(yang)(yang)要點有(you)定期巡檢、清潔、防(fang)腐(fu)、絕(jue)緣檢測(ce)、避雷器檢查等。正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)的保(bao)養(yang)(yang)措施對于保(bao)證電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)的正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)使用(yong)、延長(chang)使用(yong)壽命(ming)、提高絕(jue)緣性(xing)能都(dou)具(ju)有(you)重(zhong)要作(zuo)用(yong)。在執行保(bao)養(yang)(yang)工作(zuo)時，還需(xu)要注意(yi)安(an)全操作(zuo)，避免產生意(yi)外(wai)。定期保(bao)養(yang)(yang)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)可保(bao)障設備正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)運行、減少(shao)故障頻發，提高工作(zuo)效率和線路(lu)穩定性(xing)，保(bao)障用(yong)電(dian)的安(an)全和可靠。