江蘇電線電纜常見的電纜故障

電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)標志——根(gen)據國家(jia)標準規定，電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)應有制(zhi)造廠名(ming)(ming)、產品型號(hao)和額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的連續標志。這有利于在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)使用過程中發生問題(ti)時能(neng)及時找到制(zhi)造廠，消費者在(zai)(zai)選(xuan)(xuan)購電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)時務必(bi)注意這一點。同時消費者在(zai)(zai)選(xuan)(xuan)購電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)時應注意合格(ge)證上標明的制(zhi)造廠名(ming)(ming)、產品型號(hao)、額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)的印刷標志是否一致，防止冒牌產品。

電線(xian)(xian)(xian)外觀——消費者在選(xuan)購電線(xian)(xian)(xian)時應(ying)注意電線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)外觀應(ying)光滑(hua)平整(zheng)，絕緣(yuan)(yuan)和(he)護套(tao)(tao)層(ceng)無(wu)損(sun)壞，標志印字清晰，手(shou)模電線(xian)(xian)(xian)時無(wu)油膩感。從電線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)橫截面看，電線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)整(zheng)個圓(yuan)周上絕緣(yuan)(yuan)或護套(tao)(tao)的(de)厚度(du)應(ying)均勻(yun)，不應(ying)偏芯，絕緣(yuan)(yuan)或護套(tao)(tao)應(ying)有一定的(de)厚度(du)。

導(dao)體線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)徑——消費者在選(xuan)購電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時應注意導(dao)體線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)徑是否與(yu)合(he)格證上(shang)明(ming)示的截面相符，若(ruo)導(dao)體截面偏小(xiao)，容易使電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)發(fa)熱引起短(duan)路。建議家庭照(zhao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)1.5平方毫(hao)米及以上(shang)規(gui)格；空調(diao)、微波(bo)爐(lu)等(deng)用(yong)(yong)功率較大的家用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)器應采(cai)用(yong)(yong)2.5平方毫(hao)米及以上(shang)規(gui)格的電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。

規范使用(yong)——應(ying)規范布線(xian)(xian)(xian)，固定(ding)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路采(cai)用(yong)BV單(dan)芯(xin)線(xian)(xian)(xian)穿管子，注意(yi)在布線(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)不要碰壞(huai)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian),在房間(jian)裝潢時(shi)不要碰壞(huai)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)；在一(yi)路線(xian)(xian)(xian)里中間(jian)不要接頭；電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)接入電(dian)器箱(盒(he))時(shi)不要碰線(xian)(xian)(xian)；另外用(yong)電(dian)量較大(da)的家用(yong)電(dian)器如(ru)空調等應(ying)單(dan)獨一(yi)路電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)供電(dian)；弱電(dian)、強(qiang)電(dian)用(yong)的電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)持一(yi)定(ding)距離。

電纜線(xian)路常見的故障(zhang)有(you)機械損傷(shang)、絕緣(yuan)損傷(shang)、絕緣(yuan)受潮、絕緣(yuan)老(lao)化變質(zhi)、過(guo)電壓、電纜過(guo)熱(re)故障(zhang)等。當線(xian)路發(fa)生上(shang)述故障(zhang)時，應切斷故障(zhang)電纜的電源(yuan)，尋找故障(zhang)點，對故障(zhang)進行檢(jian)查(cha)及分析，然后進行修(xiu)理和試(shi)驗，該割除(chu)的割除(chu)，待故障(zhang)消除(chu)后，方可(ke)恢復供電。